例二:训练写短文
以
学习《新概念英语》第二册第一课为例
1)要求
学生听写或复述课文内容
A Private Conversation Last week I went to the theatre.I had a very good seat.The playwas very interesting.I did no t enjoy it.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.They were talking loudly.I got v ery angry.Icould not hear the actors.I turned round.I looked at the man and thewoman angrily.The y didn't pay any attention.In the end,I could not bear it.I turned round again.“I can't hear a word!”I said angrily.“It's none of your business,”the young man said rudely.“This is a priva te conversation!”
2)要求
学生改变或部分改变短文中的“人称”、“地点”、“时间”,写一篇故事情节新的短文。
Last Sunday I went to the cinema.I had a very good seat.The filmwas very interesting.But I d idn't enjoy it.Two young men were sitting in front of me.They were talking loudly and smoking.I couldn't hear the actors and then I began to cough.They didn't pay any attentionto me.In the end ,I couldn't bear it.I said to them,“No smoking hereand keep quiet please.”One of them turned r ound and said rudely,“It's none of your business!”
划线部分为
学生改变了的部分
3)
教师给出文中若干重点词、词组、句型让
学生结合自己的思想和生活实际写一篇新短文。
①enjoy ②get angry ③pay attention to
④bear ⑤rudely ⑥It's none of your business. In the Reading-room One afternoon,I went to the library.I borrowed a new book.It wasvery interesting.I enjoyed i t very much.While I was reading it in the reading-room,a boy came in and sat beside me.He was re ading aloud.I couldn't put my heart into the book.So I got very angry.I said tohim ,“Please kee p silent.”But he didn't pay any attention.After awhile,I couldn't bear it any more.I said to hi m,“Don't read aloud!This is not in your home,but a reading-room.”The boy looked at me angrily and said rudely,“It's none of your business I'm reading to myself.”
学生不仅可用原文中新
学的语言知识(划线部分),还可用
学过的旧知识(共10处)。
2.将听、说、读、写训练有机地结合
学习语言的途径主要是“模仿”而不是“创造”。人们常常首先是通过“听”和“读”来吸收语言知识, 从而了解别人的思想;再通过“说”和“写”的方式表达自己的思想,达到让别人了解的目的。所以我们在训 练
学生写作能力时,注意与训练听、说、读能力结合起来进行。我们常对
学生说:Nothingshould be read or
spoken before it has been heard.Nothing should bewritten before it has been read or spoken.
具体做法是:
1)听:2-3遍。
2)说:回答理解性问题(检验听的效果,做单句“说”的训练)。
3)读:准确了解所听内容,深入理解文中重点语言知识及用法。
4)说:
①复述:连贯性“说”的训练,完整地重复别人的话,进行语言模仿;
②自由表达:用
学到的语言知识重新组合,表达自己的思想。(值日生报告、自由谈话、讨论都是很好的 形式)。
5)写:把自己所说的话准确地用文字记录下来。
3.写作训练贯穿整个课文
教学的各个环节,训练方式应多种多样。可分以下四个阶段:
1)在理解熟悉课文内容阶段进行听写训练。
①根据课文回答问题,串连答案成篇;
②听写5-10个句子,然后调整句序,组成短文;
③听写课文中的重点段落或由课文改写的短文;
④听写短文,然后进行完形填空。
2)在课文重点词汇
学习阶段进行造句训练。
①模仿书上句型造句;
②模仿
教师范文造句;
③选词造句,联句成文。
3)在复习巩固课文阶段进行改写、缩写训练。
①抓段落中心句,构成课文概要;
②看图说写,叙述成文;
③将故事性课文改写成对话或小剧本;
④将对话性课文改写成叙述文。
4)在综合运用知识阶段进行模仿作文和自由表达训练。
①模仿课文内容和体裁写命题作文。如:记叙文、议
论文、说明文和应用文;
②结合课内外阅读,联系生活实际,做自由书面表达练习。写一段自己的真实思想或生活中经历过的事;
③结合课文做相关内容的自由书面表达练习。可采用模仿方法进行练习。如:
《清洁工人罢工》,写“罢工采访报告”
《
教师肖像》,写“我的老师”
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