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初三英语重点难点解析

来源:不详  作者:不详  更新时间:2005-11-06 03:06:14   

Unit 5 The Accident
    本单元要求学生更好地掌握过去进行时态的各种句式,并能活学活用;掌握用“had better”等来提出建 议的句式,通过做18课的练习2之后,使学生逐渐了解如何进行课文缩写。可以模访第19课的“ACCIDENT
    REPORT”进行练习。
    一、提出建议并能作出恰当的回答
    在第二册第6单元已经学到过用“shall”,“Let’s”和“why not”来提出建议,并作简略回答。
    如:
    ①-Shall we go at ten?
    -Good idea!
    ②-Let's go at ten?
    -OK!
    ③-Why not go at ten?-All right.
    这一单元里,主要学习有关“had better”的用法。“had better+动词原形”表示“最好做某事”,用 来向别人提出建议,其形式可以缩写为“d better”。如:
    ①You'd better do your homework now.
    ②We'd better go to school.
    “had better”的否定形式为“had better not…”如:You'd better not watch TVnow.
    二、学习过去进行时的各种句式
    在前一单元里,已经学习了过去进行时的构成和用法,这一单元着重学习它的否定句式、一般疑问句式及 在从句中的用法。
    1.过去进行时的否定式在助动词“be(was或were)”后面加上“not”即可。如:
    I was not washing clothes last night.
    2.过去进行时的一般疑问句式为:助动词“was或were”在句首。如:
    —Was Tom writing a letter at seven yesterday?
    —Yes,he was.(No,he wasn't.)
    3.在含“when”和“while”(当……时)引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,常有过去进行时,表示一个 动作在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行或发生。这一过去进行时的动作可以出现在主句,也可以出现在从 句中,但要注意的是,用该时态的动词常常是一个持续性动词。如:
    ①Someone knocked at the door when I was cook-ing
    ② While we were talking,my mother came in.
    ③ The twins were sweeping the floor when their mother returned.
    另外,含“when”的复合句中,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时的情况下,常包含有“意外”之概 念,如前例③。
    三、重点、难点词组和句子的分析
    1. You look tired today. (2.17)(你看上去很累。)
    该句中的“look”意为“看起来”,是系动词,而在这种系动词后面常用形容词作表语如look young/hap y/old/…等,另外,“look”也可用作实义动词,并且有许多相关词组,如:look at …(看…)look like… (看起来像……),look the same(看起来很相像),look for…(寻找……),look after…(照料/照看 ……)等等。当然,不能再用形容词来作表语或修饰它,如果要修饰,只能用副词。如:
    Please look after your watch carefull.
    2. A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.(L17)
    表示感觉的动词如“see,hear,watch”等以及一些其它动词如“make,let”等,后接不定式作其宾语补 足语时,该不定式前不带“to”。如:
    ①I’m tired.Let me have a short rest.
    ②Do you often hear Tom sing this song?
    ③I saw him go out.(我看到他出去了。)
    另外,“see,hear,watch”等还可后接现在分词作其宾语补足语。如:
    I heard someone laughing. (我听到有人在笑。)
    3.The children were leaving school on Tues-day when they saw a truck. (2.18)
    该句中有二点需要注意:
    ①“were leaving”是过去进行时的形式表示过去将来的动作,即“正要离开……”。在英语中,个别动 词如:“leave,go, come,start”等,它们的进行时形式可以表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。如 :
    Are you going home next week?
    ②“leave school表示“(学生)离校;毕业”;中间不加冠词。又如;go to school/come to school( 上学)。类似的表达法如: in hospita1(住院),leave hospital/come out of hospita1(出院)。注意比较下 句中冠词的区别;
    His mother often goes to ____the school to seeher son at ______ school.
    4.He did not see the bag until it was too late: (L18)
    “not…until…” 是“直到 ……才……”如:
    ①. She won.'t go away until you promise, to help her.
    ②. I didn't go home until I finished cleaning the classroom.
    5. It's really nice of you. (L18)
    该句相当于“It's very kind of you.”(你真好。)
    6. He told her about the accident. (L18) “tell sb. about/of sth.”意为:“告诉某有关某事或 跟某人讲述某事”。如:
    Please tell me about your family.
    另外, “tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb.” “告诉某人某事”, “tell sb. todo sth. ”:“叫某 人做某事”。如:
    ① I told him my name.

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